Widely known as colon cancer, colorectal cancer is one of the most common and deadly forms of cancer, affecting millions of people worldwide each year.
As the name suggests, It develops in the colon or rectum, which are parts of the digestive system. The good news about this condition is that it is often highly treatable when caught early, however, many people are unaware of the risks, meaning they do not seek regular screening.
Screening and treatment options can be discussed when you contact medical facilities like Baptist Hospital OKC, for instance. In the meantime, let’s take a look at what colorectal cancer is, how to recognize the main symptoms, and what proactive steps you can take, such as screening and preventive measures, to help significantly reduce your risk and improve the potential outcome if you are diagnosed with colorectal cancer.
What is colorectal cancer?
This cancer begins in the colon or rectum and is regularly referred to as colon cancer. It typically starts as small, noncancerous clumps of cells called polyps, which can grow on the inner lining of your colon or rectum.
Over time, some of these polyps may become cancerous, leading to the development of colorectal cancer. It should be stressed that not all polyps turn into cancer, but certain types, such as adenomatous polyps, usually carry a higher risk.
There are two main types of colorectal cancer to be aware of Colon cancer. This begins in your colon, the longest part of the large intestine.
Rectal cancer – this develops in the last several inches of your large intestine, closest to the anus.
This particular form of cancer is often classified based on the stage at which it is diagnosed, ranging from Stage 0, which involves only the inner lining of the colon, to Stage IV, where the cancer has spread to other organs.
As you would expect, early detection through screening is essential. This is because it can identify polyps before they turn cancerous or detect cancer in its earliest, most treatable stages.
Explaining the main symptoms of colorectal cancer
It should be noted that colorectal cancer often does not produce noticeable symptoms in its early stages. This is often why it can go undetected without regular screening.
However, as the disease progresses, certain symptoms may develop. These include – Changes in your bowel habits – This can include persistent diarrhea, constipation, or changes in the stool’s consistency, over a few days, rather than in isolation.
You experience rectal bleeding or blood in your stool – Finding blood in your stool or experiencing rectal bleeding is one of the more noticeable symptoms and should not be ignored.
Abdominal discomfort – experiencing pain or cramping in your lower abdomen, along with gas or bloating, can be a sign of colorectal cancer.
Unexplained weight loss – Losing weight without a change in diet or exercise may be a warning sign of colorectal cancer or other illnesses.
You are noticeably more tired or lacking strength -Fatigue or weakness are potential signs. Cancer can cause fatigue due to internal bleeding, and this is often compounded by iron-deficiency anaemia from blood loss.
It should be stressed that while these symptoms are not exclusive to colorectal cancer, they should always prompt an evaluation by a healthcare professional.
Why regular screening is so important
Colorectal cancer screening is critical because it can identify cancer before symptoms develop. Screening methods are highly effective at detecting precancerous polyps and early-stage cancers.
The bottom line is that early detection greatly improves treatment success and survival rates. In fact, studies consistently demonstrate that people diagnosed at an early stage have a five-year survival rate of around 90%.
What are the main screening methods?
Colonoscopy – This is considered the most comprehensive screening method. The process allows doctors to view the entire colon and remove any polyps found during the examination. This examination is generally recommended every 10 years, often starting at age 45.
Faecal Immunochemical test – This is a non-invasive test that detects blood in your stool, which may indicate polyps or cancer. This examination is generally recommended on an annual basis.
CT Colonography – This is a less invasive option to consider. CT colonography uses X-rays to create images of the colon. It requires similar preparation to a colonoscopy and is usually recommended every five years.
Sigmoidoscopy – This procedure examines only the lower part of the colon and rectum. It should be scheduled every five years as a standalone screening.
Suppose you come from a family with a history of colorectal cancer, or known genetic predispositions. In that case, your doctor may recommend starting screening at an earlier age and performing screenings more frequently.
Suggested preventative measures to reduce your risk of developing colorectal cancer
Without a doubt, regular screening is a powerful tool. In addition, taking proactive lifestyle steps can further lower the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Here are some preventive measures to consider.
Maintain a healthy diet – Diet plays a significant role in colorectal health. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, while low in red and processed meats, has been shown to lower cancer risk. High fibre intake, from sources like whole grains and legumes, is particularly good for your body’s natural defences.
Exercise regularly – Regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of many cancers, including colorectal cancer. Try to aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week. This not only aids in maintaining a healthy weight but also helps regulate bowel function.
Limit your alcohol intake and avoid smoking – Heavy alcohol use and smoking are linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Limiting alcohol intake to moderate levels and quitting smoking can lower this risk.
Get screened regularly -Adhering to recommended screening schedules can prove crucial when it comes to prevention.
In conclusion, keep in mind that colorectal cancer is a preventable and treatable disease, especially when caught early through regular screening. Recognizing the symptoms, and committing to preventive lifestyle choices can make a world of difference. There is a fair degree of optimism amongst medical professionals that, with modern advancements in screening technology and a growing understanding of prevention, colorectal cancer no longer needs to be a leading cause of cancer death.
It is always better to take a proactive approach with regard to your health. Get any potential symptoms checked as soon as possible.
Disclosure: collaborative post
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